Citizens from several countries are required to hold an entry VISA to enter Brazil. Please check the Brazilian Embassy or Consulate closest to your residence. A list of the Embassies and Consulates can be found at:
http://www.mre.gov.br/ingles/index.htm
Also included is information of vaccines required.

Citizens of the following countries do not need a visa to come to Brazil

Please confirm this information with the Brazilian Embassy or Consulate in your country.

ANDORRA, ARGENTINA, AUSTRIA;
BAHAMAS, BARBADOS, BELGIUM, BOLIVIA;
CHILE, COLOMBIA, COSTA RICA;
DENMARK;
ECUADOR;
FINLAND, FRANCE;
GERMANY, GREECE;
HUNGARY;
ICELAND, IRELAND, ISRAEL, ITALY;
LIECHTENSTEIN, LUXEMBOURG;
MALAYSIA, MALTA, MOROCCO, MONACO;
NAMIBIA, NETHERLANDS, NORWAY;
PANAMA, PARAGUAY, PERU, PHILIPPINES, POLAND, PORTUGAL;
REPUBLIC OF KOREA;
SAN MARINO, SOUTH AFRICA, SPAIN, SURINAME, SWEDEN; SWITZERLAND;
THAILAND, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO;
UNITED KINGDOM, URUGUAY;
VATICAN, VENEZUELA.

Brazil follows the reciprocity principle concerning VISA requirements for foreign citizens from the all the other countries, which ask VISA for Brazilian citizens.
The type of visa necessary is for ACADEMIC, CULTURAL and SCIENTIFIC Activities (Temporary One). Such visas are meant for non-Brazilian experts and authorities in particular fields of knowledge traveling to Brazil to make presentations at meetings or to engage in teaching, training, research and other specialized activities.
Details concerning the REQUIREMENTS to get a TEMPORARY VISA can be obtained with the Brazilian Embassy or Consulate in your country.